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Eva Núñez Méndez. Fundamentos de fonología y
fonética española
para hablantes de inglés: Manual práctico de español como lengua
extranjera .
Munich: Lincom, 2005. 132p.
Scott M. Rex
Southern Oregon University
Fundamentos de fonología y fonética española para hablantes de
inglés provides the English-speaking student with an introduction to the sound
system of Spanish with special emphasis on improving pronunciation. The book is comprised
of nine chapters, a bibliography, a glossary of linguistic terms, and an appendix of
relevant phonetic symbols. At the end of each chapter are well written exercises to test
the reader's comprehension of the chapter. Certain chapters include also a comparison
section that outlines the most important differences between English and Spanish. Writing
a book on Spanish phonetics and phonology in only 132 pages is a daunting task, but the
organization of this book makes it a welcome addition to the existing literature.
One of the strengths of this book is the generous introduction to linguistics provided
in the first three chapters. Most books on Spanish phonetics and phonology provide little
context for the reader, generally assuming some familiarity with the various subfields of
linguistics and the place of phonology within those subfields. Dr. Núñez
Méndez's book, however, offers a basic introduction to the field of linguistics.
Perhaps the most interesting of the first three chapter is the third, which provides the
reader with a history of linguistic perspective, starting with 19th-century comparative
linguistics and ending with the neurolinguistic advances of modern technology. It should
be noted that each of the first three chapters is relatively brief, and a teacher using
this book as a text may want to flesh out some of the discussion to provide a more complete
picture.
The fourth chapter addresses orthography and written accents, and it includes an introduction
to the concept of the phoneme. The explanation of the written accent should be particularly
accessible to the advanced student of Spanish. This topic is often touched upon only
briefly in introductory and intermediate texts, and this book provides the complete, clear
explanation that many students need. There is one minor drawback to some of the exercises
at the end of the chapter. The student is presented with words and asked to add a written
accent where necessary. However, the author does not indicate which of the vowels in the
word receives the spoken stress. Thus, if a student is unfamiliar with the word he will
be unable to determine whether the word requires an accent.
The fifth and sixth chapters present the concepts most closely associated with a text on
phonetics and phonology: phonemes, allophones, basic transcriptions, etc. The chapters are
clearly written but rather brief. This brevity may require the teacher to clarify or expand
on certain points for students unfamiliar with linguistic terminology. The exercises for
each chapter are appropriate and challenging. However, a student may wish to have more
opportunity to work with the concepts than is provided in the exercises. Generally, the
details of transcription require a fair amount of repetition and practice, and therefore
the teacher may need to supplement the exercises to chapters five and six.
Chapter seven introduces the basic concepts of phonological variation, such as assimilation,
dissimilation, and metathesis, and discusses the most common dialectical variation found
in the Spanish-speaking world, such at the use of the interdental fricative in part of
Spain and the various realizations of the 'll' in the River Plate region. The chapter also
provides an explanation of the difference between phonological and phonetic transcription
and provides appropriate exercises. Once again, the teacher may want to provide supplementary
exercises to give the student more practice on a difficult topic.
Chapter eight gives the reader an overview of Spanish dialectology and offers a description
of the characteristics of the major dialects of Spain, Latin America, and the United States.
The section on Spanish in the United States provides many interesting examples of the result
of contact between English and Spanish. The exercises at the end of the chapter require the
student to demonstrate a complete knowledge of the topics.
The final chapter examines some of the most problematic areas of Spanish pronunciation for
English speakers and offers suggestions and practice for improving one's pronunciation.
If the reader has understood the previous chapters well, the observations in this chapter
will make a significant difference in one's awareness of one's own pronunciation difficulties.
Fundamentos de fonología y fonética española para hablantes de
inglés differs significantly from other works in the field in that it places
Spanish phonetics/phonology in a broader linguistic context. Although, as mentioned, the
teacher may find the need to supplement to provide added practice for the students, this
book would fit well in a Spanish curriculum in which many students take a phonetics/phonology
class as one of their first linguistics courses because the book will allow the teacher to
give the students a solid grounding in linguistics along with a deeper examination of
Spanish phonetics and phonology.
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